Printing Techniques
The term gravure originates from the Greek word “grafikes/grafein” which means to write or draw. It is the painting technique where a pattern is drawn upon a surface that can be carved (such as wood, linolium, copper, zinc, plastic, etc.) with metal tipped tools. Then, the ups and downs of the mold are painted and the design is pressed upon another object.
The term lithography originated from the Antique Greek words “λίθος” Lithos (stone) and “γράφειν” Graphein (to write). It is the printing technique that is based on the demulsibility of oil and water. The print is achieved through drawing on like stone with ink and pressing it onto the appropriate papers. This technique is also considered the starting point of the contemporary offset printing technique where instead of lime stone, matrises (aluminium and zinc plates made through photochemical methods) are used.
The term serigraphy originated from the Latin word sēricum” (fabric) and the Antique Greek word “γράφειν” Graphein (to write). It is the printing technique in which ink is transferred onto a sub-printing material through the holes in the mold. It was first used in China during the rule of the Song Dynasty (960-1279). It later spread to and developed in Japan and other Asian countries and reached Europe only around the end of the 18th century.
3D printing technology is at the center of Industry 4.0, where the technology journey that started in the Industrial Revolution has now reached. Looking back in the past, this technology, the first steps of which were taken in the 80s, continues to exist in many important sectors to this day. This technology, which has caught the speed of this age in terms of process and result relationship, has found itself a place in the field of art as well.